The Emergence of Complexity from Simple Rules in Cellular Automata
1. The Emergence of Complexity from Simplicity Cellular automata (CA) are discrete computational systems where space and time evolve through discrete steps, governed by simple, local state-transition rules. Despite their minimal logic—often just one cell’s current state determining its future—CA generate patterns of astonishing complexity, mimicking life-like organization. This phenomenon arises because local interactions cascade […]
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